Culture

Religion

Many simply think of Northern Ireland as being Protestant and Eire Roman Catholic. It is not so simple. The Protestant/Catholic split in Ulster is 58% to 42%. While the South is predominantly Catholic (95% )there are over 100,000 Protestants, several of whom have been and are very influential. The republic’s first President, Douglas Hyde, was a Protestant, as were three outstanding writers, Oscar Wilde, Samuel Beckett and W B Yeats. Protestant citadels like Trinity College and the Irish Times championed non-sectarian liberalism.

Though the Catholic religion has long been the backbone of Irish Celtic identity, it has lost much of its influence in the modern republic, largely due to its oppressive attitude to Irish women. President Mary Robinson referred to it as the ‘patriarchal male-dominated Catholic Church’ which had imposed intolerably strict rules on the comportment of Irish females, and frequently abused quite mercilessly those who strayed.

Cultural classification

Linear-active and multi-active, dialogue-oriented

Languages

Irish, English. Irish belongs to a group of Celtic languages of Indo-European origin. The group consists of Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic and Manx. Cornish (extinct) and Breton are slightly more distantly related. Today all Irish people speak English (with a charming lilt). Irish, also known as Erse, survives among older people, particularly in the west of the country. Road signs are in both English and the aesthetic Irish script.

Multi-active, dialogue-oriented culture

Values and core beliefs

Irony, Charm
Warmth, Creativity
Tolerance, Informality
Folksiness, Catholicism
Rural simplicity, Love of literature
Sense of humour, Poetic tendencies
Music and theatre, Skill as raconteurs
Church and family, Social anchors of land
Immediate friendliness, Vision and imagination
Romance and idealism, Good linguists and travellers

As a predominantly Celtic nation, Ireland differs culturally from Anglo-Saxon-Norman England. Celts in the British Isles fluctuate between linear-active and multi-active behaviour. If anything, the Irish are more multi-active than the Scots and Welsh and are certainly more dialogue-oriented. They are among the world’s best story-tellers with a delightful sense of humour. The most notable Irish values (some of which are shared by the Scots and Welsh) are listed in the diagram above.

Ireland’s values and core beliefs are products of a rich cultural heritage born of geographical isolation, temperate climate and religious zeal. Language, too, is one of the major roots of culture and though Irish Gaelic steadily lost ground during the 18th and 19th centuries, it never ceased to exert a strong, if imperceptible, influence on the English-speaking culture that was progressively taking its place. Many of the traditional modes of thought and expression that were characteristic of the Irish language were gradually absorbed into the English spoken in Ireland and they served to enrich the creative imagination, the phraseology and the general powers of expression of those who wrote and spoke it. The remarkable contributions that Anglo-Irish literature and drama have made to the Western world may be ascribed, at least in part, to this cross-fertilisation of two cultures. It is noteworthy that such a small and thinly-populated country should have nurtured so much creative literary genius – men like the great satirist Jonathan Swift, the orator Edmund Burke, the poet William Butler Yeats, the modern prose masters James Joyce, Liam O’Flaherty and Samuel Beckett. In the theatre, too, Irish talent has won world acclaim in the persons of Oscar Wilde, George Bernard Shaw, Oliver Goldsmith, Richard Brinsley Sheridan and Brendan Behan. The theatre continues to enjoy strong popular support. Dublin’s famous Abbey Theatre stages plays in both Irish and English.

Irish culture is supported and sustained not only by literature and theatre, but by a number of cultural institutions concerned with the popularisation of various aspects of traditional national culture - some examples are the Gaelic Athletic Association, which encourages the vigorous national games of hurling and Irish football; folk-song and folk-music festivals; the Royal Irish Academy (science); the Royal Hibernian Academy (fine arts) and the Arts Council established by the government in 1951.

In line with the Irish penchant for articulateness and elegant speech, the Irish press is noted for high literary standards. Dublin has the ‘Irish Independent’, the ‘Irish Press’ and the ‘Irish Times’. Cork and other Irish cities have well-written newspapers enjoying a substantial readership in Ireland and among Irish emigrants in Britain.

Values and core beliefs

Cultural black holes

An enduring cultural black hole is, understandably, distrust of the English. Irish people suffered greatly under Oliver Cromwell. By contrast the Irish enjoy warm relations with many Europeans, especially fellow Catholics such as the French, Italians and Spanish.

Concept of space

The distance of comfort in Ireland is slightly less than in England. The congeniality of the Irish leads them to frequent tactile behaviour such as embracing, squeezing friends and backslapping. Outdoors, they have the rural love of space and soothing landscapes, in which Ireland is rich. Dublin, exceptionally, is a crowded city, housing one third of the country’s inhabitants. Bus queues are disciplined and orderly.

Concept of time

The Irish are not punctual in the Germanic sense, but are rarely very late for appointments in the cities. Rural Ireland makes greater allowances for dallying with friends and story-telling. The more relaxed attitude towards time in the countryside means nobody is offended by short delays. Conversations can carry on at length, especially in pubs and the Irish give priority to concluding human transactions over strict time-keeping.



Self image

Irish people believe they are very human, strong on intuition, understanding and sympathy for the less fortunate. They see themselves as good arbitrators with a more tolerant and relaxed stance than the (southern) English. Their innate charm and sense of humour often make them good chairpersons in international teams.

Culture: communication

Communication patterns

Irish people speak in a more animated manner than the English and have been described as ‘audacious in speech’. This audacity often borders on hyperbole and not infrequent embroidery of the truth. This results in what the Irish call blarney and must be taken into account when conversing with them. Warmly informal at all times, the Irish are great improvisers during discussions and resemble the Italians in their skill at showing apparent agreement and compliance. They are definitely more poetic and philosophical in speech than the British and have an unusual turn of phrase.



Body language and non-verbal communication

Irish people are generally relaxed and smiling interlocutors, whether listening or speaking. Facial expression is more mobile than that of the British, body language is lively but less demonstrative than Latin. As Irish are skilled verbally, non-verbal communication (e.g. silence or calculated pauses) is infrequent.

Listening habits

When listening, the Irish are courteous and attentive and rarely show open dissent. They often have a strong desire to interrupt (as they are bursting with ideas) but rarely do so. Their feedback is ample enough, but occasionally is rather ambiguous.



Audience expectations at presentations

• Humour (some irony allowed)
• Charm
• Facts (some embellishment permitted)
• Informality, friendliness
• Poetic or romantic touch
• Background of culture
• Tolerance
• Interesting, lively presentation
• Some folksiness
• Simplicity of approach towards reasonable solutions

Culture: interaction

Concept of status

Culture bestows status in Ireland, where playwrights, novelists and essayists have been especially revered. Missionaries and priests have enjoyed privileges and status historically, particularly those who made significant contributions to Irish life and reputation. Irish people also admire people known for their fairness and the ability to mediate between disputing parties. Teachers and educators enjoy higher status than in many countries.

Gender issues

Women, until recently, have had few rights and historically have been frequently abused. The situation has now been largely rectified, certainly in the urban centres. Women now constitute one third of the workforce; many of them have had outstanding success in politics and international diplomacy. Irish women traditionally are known for their bravery, endurance and stoicism in adversity. They love travel, have an eagerness for wider experience and have been influential in Irish-American communities.

Leadership style

The Church has exercised enormous influence over Irish life for many centuries. Leadership has tended to be autocratic and centralised in the Latin manner. Irish kings, Viking chieftains and ecclesiastical luminaries have all enjoyed considerable status vis-à-vis a rural and somewhat cowed populace. Since the establishment of democracy Irish leaders have generally emerged as charismatic persons with an educated background. As politics are often stormy, those who get on with different factions and have the ability to persuade and arbitrate are most likely to rise to the top. Women are in the ascendancy.



Language of management

Irish managers, like Australians, are often expected to speak with a broad, local accent to make their subordinates feel close to them. While a few Irish speak something close to southern English, most lead with the charming Irish lilt which even English people find attractive and disarming. It has a subtle music deriving from the tones of Gaelic, unfortunately no longer used in business. Irish leaders, like Poles and Spaniards, apply a poetic touch to their dialogue and command allegiance through a skilful combination of ironic humour, subtle references and reasonable proposals. Embellishment and some hyperbole (but not hype) are expected and offered.



Motivation factors

Be as warm, friendly and hospitable, as they are
Show vision and use your imagination
Tell lots of stories
Be folksy
Be poetic, if you can
Be humorous whenever you can
Think in terms of beauty and aesthetics
Emphasise simplicity
Accept occasional procrastination on their part
Align yourself with their affinity for the abstract and the theoretical
Recognise their innovation and creativity
Respect their history, Catholicism and sense of nationhood

AVOID

Calling them English
Praising the English too much
Sarcasm (but accept their gentle irony)
Snobbery or talking down to them
Dealing only in cold facts
Trying to pull wool over Celtic eyes

General behaviour at meetings

Meetings with Irish people are invariably warm and friendly, but sometimes confusing. They are not great agenda followers and digress enthusiastically when confronted with an interesting idea. Ideas, for the Irish, are infinitely more important than plain facts. The Irish have a strong affinity for the abstract, the innovative, the theoretical. In this they are like the French, though less strong on logic. This characteristic causes a certain tendency towards procrastination, while they look at new ways of approaching problems and tasks. This also leads to creativity: they are among the more unconventional and independent spirits who resist structure and routine. Latins find this easier to accept than Germans, English, Swedes or Finns.



Negotiating characteristics

Opening sessions with Irish business people are without exception informal and congenial
Small talk of up to half an hour is expected, with some refreshment
Business is commenced casually in the English manner (even more relaxed)
First proposals are reasonable and tentative. Nothing is taken for granted
Irish people hasten to know the position of the other side. When they know it, they do their best to accommodate. When lack of resources hamper this, they often request help. In the past this tactic was fairly frequent, but is rapidly disappearing in the light of outstanding Irish economic progress
Compromise is regarded as a basis for solving disputes
Some ambiguity is cultivated, especially when difficulties are obvious
Charm and humour are generally evident throughout
Where no deal is possible, Irish, like Danes, try to leave the door open for further opportunities
They latch on to peripheral business if they can in cases where the central deal falls through

Contracts and commitments

Their attitude to commitments is similar to that generally prevalent in the British Isles, though their own flexibility often leads them to expect the same from a business partner if conditions change.

Manners and taboos

The Irish people are bons vivants who love good wholesome food and adequate amounts of alcohol. Their brown bread, steaks and salmon rank with the world’s best. Their most famous export is Guinness. Irish whiskey differs somewhat from Scotch. Irish coffees are increasingly popular in the UK, Europe and Japan. Manners at table and other social occasions are generally informal and flexible. Ireland is well-known for its pub culture, even more than the United Kingdom. Irish pubs, which are essentially cosy and social centres for news, gossip, politics and cultural exchange, have also spread widely in Europe and further afield. They have long been ubiquitous in England itself. Emigration is another feature of Irish life, especially to England and the United States, where Irish communities are sizeable. In pubs and at other social occasions, Irish people are known for their singing and story-telling. They tend to be very sociable and have few hang-ups apart from their ambivalent attitude towards the English. Even so, hundreds of thousands of Irish-English friendships flourish in the UK. Irish taboos include snobbery and betrayal of trust.

How to empathize with them

Be warm, friendly and hospitable, as they are. Show vision and use your imagination. Be folksy and tell a lot of stories. Think in terms of beauty and aesthetics. Emphasise simplicity. Don’t call them English or praise the English too much. Don’t be sarcastic, but accept their gentle irony. Don’t show any snobbery or keep them at a distance. Don’t be too factual. Don’t try to pull the wool over rustic Celtic eyes.

Special notes

‘Two Irelands’ and their relation to the other British Isles.

When one talks of ‘two Irelands’, one perhaps refers to the political division between North and South, but another distinction becoming increasingly evident is the contrast of the image of ‘postcard’ or ‘mythical’ Ireland on the one hand, and the enterprising, modernising EU state on the other.

Mythical Ireland suggests fairies and little people, horses and carts, mists, bogs, folk music performed on fiddle, tin whistle, goat-skin drum and pipes, scenic hills imbued with fifty shades of green (‘The Emerald Isle’) dotted with ubiquitous pubs which afford shelter from persistent, soft drizzle (270 days a year). You can take comfort in the welcoming Irish saying: “It doesn’t rain in the pub”.

Cross-century Ireland is very different. The youngest country in Europe, Eire has been vigorously bolstered by EU subsidies, transforming itself from a predominantly agricultural society to a near-urban manufacturing one (one third of the republic’s inhabitants live in Dublin). The darling of EU economies with a high growth rate, particularly among high tech companies, Eire has reached (or passed) the English standard of living, though she still exports more than 40% of her exports to the UK.

Given the proximity of Ireland and Great Britain and their relative isolation from mainland Europe, it is not unreasonable to suppose that a close political union might have been realised. Both islands were occupied by the Celts before 300 BC and later shared ravaging attacks by numerous Viking raiders in the 8th and 9th centuries. The historical heritage did not remain parallel, however, since the Romans conquered Great Britain in 55 BC but never reached Ireland, having found England rainy enough. Wales and Scotland, like Ireland, remained largely Celtic, but the decisive political development which caused England to diverge from her neighbours was the Norman French invasion of 1066. The more sophisticated Anglo-Norman combination conquered Dublin in 1169 and English power was consolidated later, under Henry VII and Elizabeth I. Henry’s split with Rome left England largely Protestant while Ireland remained Catholic. The hail of death and destruction left in Ireland by Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War put an end to acceptable relations between the two countries.

Other

Ireland is still very class conscious
Enduring hatreds include the colonial past, the British, the Church, alcoholism, abusive teachers and a general angry view of Ireland’s past fate
80,000 people still speak Irish (Gaelic) – it is not used in business, but exams in the language continue
Ireland, until recently, exported mainly people, including missionaries
Agritourism is now seen as a good prospect – golf, horse treks, bed-and-breakfast farmhouses, beautiful country pubs
The Irish passion for horses originates with Celtic warriors of 500 BC who loved chariot races and gambling!
The Irish, as keen as any other race to seem modern, often find it hard to escape from the grip of the past.

Redefinicija braka: može li se američkim novcem kupiti irski referendum?


Breda O’Brien, kolumnistica Irish Times-a, otkrila je uoči referenduma o braku u Irskoj pažljivo izrežiranu strategiju inozemne dobrotvorne organizacije iz SAD-a koja se uz upumpavanje milijunskih iznosa (25 milijuna američkih dolara!!!) koristi za izjednačavanje braka i istospolne zajednice u katoličkoj Irskoj. Radi se o organizaciji „Atlantic Philanthropies“ (Atlantski dobročinitelji) koja novcem privatnog američkog kapitala mijenja svijest građana, politiku i irske zakone protivno volji i interesima Iraca.





U tekstu je opisana strategija i način implementacije ciljeva ove organizacije kroz homoseksualnu udrugu GLEN koja je primila milijune američkih dolara za promjenu zakona u Irskoj koji se odnose na obitelj i brak. Narod.hr izvješćuje da je na irski referendum i druge ciljeve LGBT agende iz SAD-a preko organizacije “Atlantic Philanthropies” utrošeno 25 milijuna američkih dolara. CitizenGo.org pokrenuo je peticiju protiv takvog sramotnog vida kulturalnog imperijalizma. Za vjerovati je da je slična strategija korištena i u slučaju Hrvatske gdje je u vrlo kratkom vremenu, od kada je Kukuriku koalicija na vlasti, donesen velik broj zakonskih izmjena protivno volji, interesima i svjetonazoru većine hrvatskih građana. Jedna od tih promjena je i uvođenje zdravstvenog odgoja i 4. modula o spolnom odgoju čiji je idejni tvorac kinseyevac Aleksandar Štulhofer.

Sljedeći članak napisala je Breda O’Brien s instituta Iona i prethodno je objavljen u Irish Times-u, vodećim dnevnim novinama u Irskoj. I upravo su te novine bile pravo mjesto za njegovu objavu te prenošenje tog članka na ovom mjestu neće napraviti bitnu razliku. Kako bilo, svakako je za naše čitatelje od velikog interesa da saznaju na koji način financijski dobro potkovane lobističke grupe iz Sjedinjenih Američkih Država ciljano napadaju male države „potkupljujući“ ih za promicanje redefinicije braka kao zajednice dviju osoba različitog spola.

Obilan dotok novca iz Amerike je možda najbolje objašnjenje zašto su odjednom sve političke stranke u zemlji i svi glavni mediji počeli vjerovati u „ispravnost“ tzv. istospolnog „braka“.

Jednom kada građani postanu svjesni tko njima manipulira i na koji način, postat će manje skloni manipulaciji.



Postavljanje pitanja o financiranju referendumske kampanje

Breda O’Brien, The Irish Independent, 9. svibnja

Kako bi bilo da vam priznam da je institut Iona, čija sam neplaćena zaštitnica, primio milijune američkih dolara kako bi promicao određenu agendu?

I da su nam, primjerice, ti dolari omogućili da izrastemo iz organizacije koja ima samo jednog člana u organizaciju s visoko obrazovanom, mobiliziranom, u potpunosti profesionalno i stručno osposobljenom lobističkom mašinom koja zapošljava sedam zaposlenika na puno radno vrijeme skupa s brojnim vanjskim konzultantima.

To osoblje i konzultanti operiraju „unutar mašinerije irske vlade” i ljudi koji su povezani s institutom Iona dobili su mjesta u ključnim odborima kao što je Irski odbor za ljudska prava i jednakost.

To nam je omogućilo da promijenimo politiku u radnoj grupi irske vlade u 2006. godini jer smo ih uvjerili da trebaju usvojiti preporuke koje su bile izbačene iz prvotnog izvješća te grupe.

Zamislite da vam priznam kako su se članovi instituta Iona samo u razdoblju od rujna do studenog 2009. susreli nasamo s više od 40 političara, uključujući tri ministra.

Kada vam kažem da apsolutno ništa od toga nije istina što se tiče instituta Iona, jer taj institut nikada nije primio nikakav američki novac i nikada nije imao tako direktan pristup najutjecajnijim političarima, nego da ustvari opisujem Mrežu za jednakost homoseksualaca i lezbijki GLEN (Gay and Lesbian Equality Network), napeto čuđenje naglo će prestati, kao i veliki interes za ovu priču.

Grupno razmišljanje (Groupthink) u Irskoj je uzdignuto na razinu sakramenta. I dok su novinari napadali malene tek osnovane konzervativne udruge optužujući ih da su financirane američkim novcem, GLEN, najuspješnija lobistička udruga u povijesti Irske, plivala je u zelenim dolarima.

Ogromne količine novaca

Ovo je materijal za istraživačke novinare, a priča čak ni ne iziskuje previše istraživanja. Ukucajte GLEN u tražilicu na web stranici „Atlantic Philanthropies“ (Američki dobročinitelji).

Pročitajte publikaciju Atlantica Registrirano partnerstvo i Irska – Od manjine do većine kako biste vidjeli njihovu strategiju korak po korak. Zašto bi ju se i trudili sakriti? Sasvim sigurno neće biti nikakvog bijesa u javnosti, nikakvih posljedica.

GLEN je učinio sve što je opisano na početku teksta iako je u Poreznoj upravi registriran kao dobrotvorna organizacija. GLEN-ova „Kampanja za brak“ registrirana je pri Komisiji za nadzor i poštivanje standarda u političkom i javnom životu (Standards in Public Office Commission) 2015. godine – hoće li to utjecati na njihovo prikupljanje sredstava?

Ukoliko je organizacija „Atlantic Philanthropies“ izvan svake sumnje, ukoliko vas korištenje ogromnih količina novca za promicanje nečijih političkih ciljeva čini nedodirljivima u slučaju državne revizije, onda trebamo dopustiti da obilježavanje stogodišnjice Uskršnjeg ustanka prođe bez ikakva komentara jer nam je naša republika postala totalni promašaj.

A o kakvim se tek ogromnim količinama novca zaista radi… Prema podacima Atlantic-a, GLEN je između 2005. i 2011. primio 4.727.860 američkih dolara.

Da, četiri milijuna i tri četvrtine američkih dolara (skoro 5 milijuna dolara!). (Napomenimo samo da je GLEN za The Irish Times u 2013. pojasnio da su iznosi koje dobivaju od Atlantica samo polovica njihovih financijskih sredstava.)

Atlantic objašnjava da je u 2005. „GLEN zapravo bio dobrotvorna organizacija, a jedina aktivnost koja se financirala bio je rad na borbi protiv HIV-a za homoseksualnu populaciju. Projekt je financiran od strane HSE-a (Irsko javno zdravstvo i socijalna skrb)”. GLEN ne pruža usluge, već se fokusira na postizanje političkih i zakonskih promjena.

U zadnjem izvješću Atlantica pod nazivom Kataliziranje jednakosti i vidljivosti LGBT osoba u Irsko ,GLEN se opisuje ovako: „Dugogodišnje financijske potpore GLEN-u od strane Atlantica omogućile su im da svoj rad višestruko oplode i postanu visoko stručna lobistička mašina koja radi puno radno vrijeme. Djeluju „unutar“ mašinerije vlade i njezinih dužnosnika gdje koriste model „principijelnog pragmatista“ čime konsolidiraju potporu za svoje ciljeve, pridobivaju na svoju stranu sumnjičavce te neutraliziraju protivnike.

Vođe GLEN-a vjerovali su da je najodrživiji način za implementaciju dugoročne društvene promjene postupno uvođenje zakonskih promjena, odgađajući zagovaranje za građanski istospolni „brak“ do vremena kada građani već budu aklimatizirani na činjenicu da su istospolne zajednice nešto standardno i normalno.”

Vjerojatno se radi o do sad najuspješnijoj „aklimatizaciji“ u irskoj povijesti.

Zakonske zaštite

Jedini prihvatljivi medijski prikaz ovakvog projekta je da se radi o benignom grassroots (samoniklom) pokretu jer ako umjesto toga priznamo da se radi o pomodnom, elitističkom pokretu kojeg predvode visoko obrazovani stručnjaci financirani izvana, morat ćemo priznati da smo vješto izmanipulirani. A to ne smije biti istina.

Atlantic sebi pripisuje da je postigao ozakonjenje registriranog partnerstva 2010. godine, opisujući to kao „jednu od najsveobuhvatnijih zakonskih zaštita za homoseksualne i lezbijske parove na svijetu“.

Irsko registrirano partnerstvo daje puno veća prava negoli institut „registriranog partnerstva u državama SAD-a jer tamo on ne obuhvaća savezna prava u kritičnim područjima kao što su imigracijska prava, porezne olakšice i zdravstvene potpore”.

Zanimljivo, ja sam mislila da je naše registrirano partnerstvo diskriminatorno i da stvara „građane drugog reda“.

2009. GLEN se u medijima pojavio 348 puta – od toga je bilo 179 televizijskih objava, a ostalo je obuhvaćalo medije od nacionalnih novina pa sve do časopisa za odvjetnike Law Society Gazette. Imali su barem jednu objavu dnevno.

Ne zaboravimo kampanju za „Bračnu jednakost“, čiji naziv je čak završio na referendumskim listićima. Za to su dobili samo 475.215 dolara od Atlantic-a.

Međutim, taj im je iznos omogućio da osnuju ured s punim radnim vremenom, da lobiraju i koriste „pozadinske“ taktike poput „angažiranja stručnih političkih savjetnika koji su radili zajedno s vladom na drugim pitanjima i sudjelovali u izradi izvješća o stavovima vlade o istospolnom „braku“”.

Oh, a što je s drugom stranom „Yes Equality-a“, Irskim vijećem za građanske slobode (Irish Council for Civil Liberties ICCL)? Od 2001. do 2010. ova organizacija je dobila 7.727.700 američkih dolara i potom drugih 3.829.693 američkih dolara u 2010. i 2013. Naravno da ICCL nije potrošio sav taj iznos na redefiniranje braka. Samo dio iznosa. Dajte nam recite, ICCL, koliko ste točno potrošili?

Ovdje se ne radi o tome da „Američki dobročinitelji“ financiraju škole ili bolnice. Radi se o stranom novcu koji se sustavno investira u mijenjanje svijesti građana, kako bi se osigurao besprijekorno potvrdan odgovor birača istospolnom „braku“ na referendumu, što će imati ogromne nesagledive posljedice na obiteljsko pravo za generacije koje slijede.

Cijelo ovo vrijeme nas smiruju i neutraliziraju spinovima poput onoga da se radi samo o „17 malih riječi“. Može li se američkim novcem kupiti irski referendum? Pričekajmo još malo pa ćemo vidjeti.



Izvor: narod.hr/Agenda Europe

irci su zakon

Kakva transformacija Irske. Ili je sva ona vjerska tradicionalnost bila samo laz.

To se dogodi kad 25 godina dozvoljavaš američkom kapitalu nesmetano "ulaganje" u "nevladini sektor" i pretjeran upliv istog u sustav obrazovanja.
Ja sam sve bliži ruskim zakonskim rješenjima glede NGOa.

Vijekovima su Irci bili najzatucaniji narod u Evropi.

To se dogodi kad 25 godina dozvoljavaš američkom kapitalu nesmetano "ulaganje" u "nevladini sektor" i pretjeran upliv istog u sustav obrazovanja.
Ja sam sve bliži ruskim zakonskim rješenjima glede NGOa.

I am a card-carrying, practising Catholic. I go to mass every Sunday. I pray every day. I read spiritual books. I reflect and meditate. My life has been shaped by my faith.

As a man of faith and a proud dad to a gay son, I urge all Catholics to do the right thing – and vote ‘Yes’

Turbo-vjernici ovi Irci



http://www.independent.ie/videos/irish- ... 08527.html

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