Spomenik Svim Hrvatskim Žrtvama



Piše Ivan Jurić

Prvi takav spomenik u nas podignuti je i nedavno svečeno otkriven u Hrasnu, središnjem mjestu hodočašća istočne Hercegovine.

Svetište Kraljice Mira u katoličkoj župi Hrasno bilo je 4. kolovoza mjesto otkupljanja brojnih vjernika iz Trebinjske biskupije, iz domovine i dijaspore.

Toga dana monsinjor Pavao Žanić, biskup mostarsko-duvanjski i apostolski administrator trebinjsko-mrkanski, nakon misnog slavlja kojega je koncelebrirao sa svim župnicima Trebinjske biskupije, blagoslovio je novopodignuti spomenik hrvatskim žrtvama drugoga svjetskoga rata i onima koji su stradali nakon rata, bez obzira u kojoj vojsci čijom zastavom su se borili.

Svečanost je započela procesijom koja se kretala stazom Križnog puta oko brežuljka na kojemu se izdiže kip Kraljice Mira. U povorci su se našli brojni svećenici, časne sestre, i nekoliko tisuća vjernika. Bilo bi ih mnogo više da nije Hrvatska u ratu. "Ovdje su se otkupili najhrabriji" - rekao je pozdravnom govoru don Rajko Marković.

Povorka se zatim uputila prema oltaru ispred crkve. Na čelu povorke nalazilo se petnaest križeva koji su simbolizirali petnaest župa Trebinjske biskupije. Križeve s natpisom župa i brojem stradalih iz pojedine župe nosili su preživjeli sudionici hrvatskog križnog puta od Bleiburga do nekog stratišta na kojemu su slučanjo ostali živi. Svako od njih pratio je s lijeve strane mladić sa svijećom u ruci, a s desne strane djevojka sa cvijećem. Nakon mise zadušnice, mons. Pavao Žanić blagoslovio je novopodignuti spomenik na koji su ploženi križevi, cvijeće i zapaljene svijeće.

Svečanosti su bili nazočni i predstavnici civilne vlasti i to: Ivan Bender član vlade Bosne i Hercegovine i predsjednik SO Neum; Vlatko Kraljević, član vlade BiH i član središnjice HDZ za BiH, predsjednik SO Čapljina ing. Pero Marković; predsjednik SO Stolac Željko Raguž i Niko Brajić, dopredsjednik HDZ iz Ravna, općine Trebinje.

Spomenik svim hrvatskim žrtvama djelo je Nikole Vučkovića, hrvatskog akademskoga kipara iz Metkovića. U tlocrtu spomenika je križ kao otvoreni grob kojega sa strane sedam masiva kao sedam sv. Sakramenata.

Betonske gromade obložene su pločama jablaničkog granita i bijelim talijanskim kamenom karara. Crne granitne ploče ispisane su imenima žrtava rata i onih koji su stradali nakon rata iz župe Hrasno, a za ostale župe Biskupije samo broj stradalih. Crnobijela kombinacija simbolizira zlo i dobro, smrt i život, mrak i svijetlo... Spomenik je smješten na početku Križnoga puta, ispod brežuljka na kojemu se izdiže kip Kraljice Mira. Time dobiva izvjesnu simboliku.

Vanjske dimenzije spomenika su 6 X 5 metara, a visina iznosi oko 3,5 metara. Kamene ploče i natpisi na njima, čija površina iznosi oko 80 četvornih metara, izrađene su u klesarskoj radionici Slavka Marića iz Trebižata. Zidarske radove u nazočnosti umjetnika, izvelu su Slavko Marić, klesar i zidari: Ivo Udženija, Ante Maslać, i Grgo Martić, svi iz župe Hrasno.

Spomenik je podignut na poticaj Župnog ureda Hrasno u kojemu rade vrijedni i marljivi svećenici don Rajko Marković župnik i don Miljenko Majić, kapelan. Oni su prikupili finacijska sredstva od vjernika župe Hrasno i iseljenika ovoga kraja.

Epitaf na spomeniku napisao je Mijo Maslać iz Čapljine koji glasi:

Domovino, radi tebe
Radi bitka tvog
Gdje nam kosti rasute su
znade samo Bog

Na crnom granitu duboko su urezana imena 465 stradalnika iz župe Hrasno. Ta imena također su duboko urezana u srca hrvatskog čovjeka da se ne zaborave žrtve, da ne izblijedi sjećanje na njih jer su oni za Hrvatsku dali svoj život.

Nije bilo lako i jednostavno sakupiti sve podatke o stradalima pogotovo ako se znade da se taj posao morao vršiti u najvećoj tajnosti jer je komunistički režim proglasio neprijateljima sve one koji su se borili na drugoj strani. Međutim, vrijedni župljani svoj posao, oko prikupljanja imena stradalih, obavili su veoma pedantno, ne samo u Trebinjskoj biskupiji, već i u cijeloj Hercegovini zahvaljajući u prvom redom nastojanjima mons. Pavao Žanić. Tako je od zaborava sačuvana dragocijena povijesna građa koja će budućim istraživačima ovoga kraja poslužiti kao dragocijeno vrelo.

Pučanstvo Trebinjske Biskupije u Brojkama

Župa Broj Vjernika 1939 Broj Vjernika 1990 Broj Žrtava Rata

Aladinići 1.087 180
Čeljevo 1.380 175
Domanovići 907 240
Dračevo 3.492 2.344 221
Gradac 2.838 962 123
Donje Hrasno 2.390 1.276 465
Gornje Hrasno 1.138 (ujedinjeni u jednu župu)
Hutovo 530 140
Neum 900 54
Prenj 3.489 570 108
Ravno 2.478 435 290
Rotimlja 2.600 855 220
Stjepan Krst 582 112
Stolac 3.506 2.200 295
Trebinja 1.847 635 170
Trebinje 1.348 185 42

Ukupno 25.126 15.568 2.835

Iz ove tabele je vidljivo da je u Trebinskoj biskupiji živjelo 25.126 Hrvata. Tijekom drugoga svjetskoga rata i nakon rata stradalo je 2.835 žitelja ili 11,28%. Stradali su od četnika, partizana, Nijemaca, Talijana i drugih neprijatelja hrvatskoga naroda. Rat je preživjelo 22.291 stanovnik. Godine 1990. u ovoj biskupiji koja je sačuvala predratne granice, živjelo je 15.568 Hrvata. U odnosu na 1945. ne računajući prirodni priraštaj, manje ih je za 6.723 stanovnika ili 30,16%.

Postavlja se pitanje, što se dogodilo s tih 30,16% pučanstva? Činjenica je da se narod ovoga kraja nikada nije biološki nije oporavio od ratnih stradanja. Osim toga u poslijeratnim godinama velik broj ljudi se iselio iz raznih razloga. Prema hrvatskome narodu Trebinjske biskupije vodila se antihrvatska politika. Osim toga, odnos vlasti prema katoličkoj crkvi bio je neprijateljski. Rezultat takvih odnosa je nezapamčeni egzodus.

Hrasno je središnje mjesto hodočašća istočne Hercegovine. Tu se od sakralnih umjetničkih djela nalazi spomenik Kraljice Mira, djelo Antuna Starčevića, akademskog kipara iz Zagreba. Prošle godine otkriven je Križni put, umjetničko djelo Dušana Stanojevića, hrvatskog akademskog kipara iz Zagreba. Veliku umjetničku vrijednost predstavlja Sakralna galerija smještena u župnoj crkvi Bezgrešnog začeća. U njoj se nalazi oko sedamdeset ulja na platnu poznatih akademskih slikara - Ivana Blaževića, Alena Biočića, Tomislava Balažina, Josipa Botterija, Branimira Dorotića, Ivana Filakovca, Darka Goje, Marija Koprivice, Vatroslava Kuliša, Rudolfa Labaša, Željka Mucka, Frana Mustaća, Ninoslava Pirovića, Velimira Račkog, Davora Radića, Vjere Reiser, Marijana Richtera, Blaženke Salavarda, Mije Šiše, Antuna Borisa Švaljeka, Danijela Žapčića i Ante Vuksana.

Njihovim umjetničkim djelima pridružuje se novo otkriveni spomenik svim žrtvama rata Nikole Vučkovića.

Time nije stavljena točka na umjetnička djela svetišta Kraljice Mira u Hrasnu - kaže don Rajko. Uskoro će početi radovi na ispovjedaonici na otvorenom prostoru. U planu je podizanje poprsja dumi Batinoviću u uređenje zavičajne kuće, galerije za umjetnine itd.

Svetište Kraljice Mira trebalo bi unijeti u turističke vodiče jer se ima što pokazati svima onima koji voli umjetnosti.

Izvor: Nova Matica Listopad 1991 str. 36-37

A Monument for all Croatian Victims

The first such monument to be erected among us was raised and ceremoniously dedicated in Hrasno, the central place of pilgrimage in Eastern Herzegovina.

By: Ivan Juric

On August 4, the Queen of Peace shrine in the parish of Hrasno was a place of gathering for many of the faithful from the Trebinje Diocese, the homeland and the Diaspora.

That day, Msgr. Pavao Zanic, Bishop of Mostar-Duvno and the Apostolic Administrator of the Trebinje-Mrkanj Diocese, after celebrating Mass which he concelebrated with all parishioners of the Trebinje-Mrkanj Diocese, blessed the newly raised monument for all Croatian victims of the second world war and those who perished after the war, without regards to which army and under which flag they fought in.

The festivities began with a procession, which began from the path of Stations of the Cross near the hill where the statue of the Queen of Peace stands. Many priests, sisters, and several thousand faithful were in the procession. There would have been more if Croatia weren't at war. "Here the bravest have gathered," said Rev. Rajko Markovic in his opening speech.

The procession moved towards the altar in front of the church. At the head of the procession were fifteen crosses, which symbolized the fifteen parishes of the Trebinje Diocese. Survivors of the Croatian Stations of the Cross from Bleiburg to some place of execution where they fortunately survived carried the crosses, with the names of the parishes and number of casualties from the individual parishes. Accompanying each man on his left side was a young man with a candle in his hand, and on his right side a young woman with flowers. After Mass, Msgr. Pavao Zanic blessed the newly raised monument on which crosses flowers and candles were placed.

Representatives of the civilian government were present: Ivan Bender member of the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina and president of the municipal council of Neum, Vlado Kraljevic, member of the BiH government and member of the HDZ for BiH, Pero Markovic President of the Capljina municipal council, Zeljko Raguz President of the Stolac municipal council, and Niko Brajic Vice President of HDZ Ravno in the Trebinje municipality.

The monument to all Croatian victims is the work of Nikola Vuckovic, a Croatian academic sculptor from Metkovic. The plan of the monument is of a cross in the shape of an open grave, which is closed off by seven massifs which represent the seven holy sacraments.

The concrete mass is covered with slabs of Jablanica granite and white Italian carara stones. The names of those who perished during and after the war from the parish of Hrasno are inscribed on the black granite slabs, and for the rest of the parishes in the diocese only the number of casualties. The white and black combination symbolizes good and evil, life and death, light and darkness... The monument is located at the beginning of the Stations of the Cross, beneath the hill on which the statue of the Queen of Peace stands. It gets a clear symbolism by that.

The outer dimension of the monument is 6x5 meters, and is 3.5 meters high. The stone slabs and the inscriptions on them have an area of 80 square meters, and were made in Slavko Maric's stonecutting shop in Trebizat. The bricklaying work done under the supervision of the artists, were done by Slavko Maric the stonecutter, with Ivo Udzenija, Ante Maslac, and Grgo Martic, all of whom are masons from the Hrasno parish.

The monument was erected at the initiative of the Hrasno parish rectory and worthy the industrious priests Rev. Rajko Markovic pastor and Rev. Miljenko Majic associate pastor. They received financial help from the faithful of the Hrasno parish and émigrés from this region.

Mijo Maslac from Capljina wrote the epitaph on the monument, which says:

O homeland because of you,
Because of your battles
Where our bones are scattered
God only knows

The names of the 465 casualties of the Hrasno parish are deeply inscribed in the black granite. Those names are also deeply inscribed in the hearts of Croatian men so that these victims are not forgotten, that the memory of them do not fade because they gave their lives to Croatia.

It was not easy or simple to collect the information about the casualties, especially with the knowledge that this work needed to be done in absolute secrecy, because the Communist regime had proclaimed all those who fought on the other side as enemies. In the meanwhile the worthy parishioners methodically carried out their work in the gathering of the names of casualties, not only in the Trebinje Diocese but in all of Herzegovina and with thanks to Msgr. Pavao Zanic, who was in the forefront with his efforts. That is how valuable historical material was saved from being forgotten and which will serve future generations of researchers of this region as a valuable source.

Aladinići 1.087 180
Čeljevo 1.380 175
Domanovići 907 240
Dračevo 3.492 2.344 221
Gradac 2.838 962 123
Donje Hrasno 2.390 1.276 465
Gornje Hrasno 1.138 (united into one parish)
Hutovo 530 140
Neum 900 54
Prenj 3.489 570 108
Ravno 2.478 435 290
Rotimlja 2.600 855 220
Stjepan Krst 582 112
Stolac 3.506 2.200 295
Trebinja 1.847 635 170
Trebinje 1.348 185 42

Totals 25.126 15.568 2.835

From this table it can be seen that there were 25,126 Croatians living in the Trebinje Diocese in 1939. During and after the Second World War, 2,835 people or 11% of the population perished. They perished at the hands of chetniks, partisans, Italians, Germans and other enemies of the Croatian people. 22,291 inhabitants survived the war. In 1990, in this diocese, which preserved its pre-war borders, lived 15,568 Croatians. In comparison with 1945, and not taking into consideration natural growth, there are 6,723 less or 30.16%.

It asks the question what happened to the 30.16% of the population? It is a fact that the people have not biologically recovered from the war casualties. Aside from that, in the postwar years, a large number of people moved out for various reasons. Anti-Croatian politics were carried out against the Croatians of the Trebinje Diocese. Relations between the government and the Catholic Church were unfriendly. The results of these relations were an unforgettable exodus.

Hrasno is the central place of pilgrimage in Eastern Herzegovina. Among the sacral works here is the Queen of Peace, which is the work of Antun Starcevic an academic sculptor from Zagreb. Last year the Stations of the Cross were dedicated, which are the work of Dusan Stanojevic a Croatian academic sculptor from Zagreb. The majority of artistic wealth is in the sacral gallery located in the church of the Immaculate Conception. Around 70 oil paintings on canvas by well known academic painters - Ivan Blazevic, Alen Biocic, Tomislav Balazin, Josip Botteri, Branimir Dorotic, Ivan Filakovac, Darko Goja, Marija Koprivica, Vatroslav Kulis, Rudolf Labas, Zeljko Mucak, Frane Mustac, Ninoslav Pirovic, Velimir Racki, Davor Radic, Vjera Reiser, Marijana Richter, Blazenka Salavarda, Mijo Siso, Antun Boris Svaljek, Danijel Zapcic and Ante Vuksan are located in here.

The newly dedicated monument of all war casualties by Nikola Vuckovic joins their artistic works.

Th artistic works at the Queen of Peace shrine n Hrasno have not ended says Rev. Rajko. Soon work will begin on an open area confessional. Also planned is the erecting of a bust of Rev. Batinovic, the rennovating of the folk house, the art gallery, etc.

Tour guides should be brought to the Queen of Peace shrine because there is something for art lovers to see.

Source: Nova Matica Listopad (October) 1991, pgs 36-37.

Slava i čast svim hrvatskim žrtvama od Trsta, do Sandžaka, od Boke do Mure.
NAVIK ON ŽIVI KI SGINE POŠTENO !

Zaboravio sam ovo staviti na prijevodu.

Population of the Trebinje Diocese in Numbers

Parish Number of Faithful (1939) Number of Faithful (1990) Number of War Casulaties

Aladinići 1.087 180
Čeljevo 1.380 175
Domanovići 907 240
Dračevo 3.492 2.344 221
Gradac 2.838 962 123
Donje Hrasno 2.390 1.276 465
Gornje Hrasno 1.138 (united into one parish)
Hutovo 530 140
Neum 900 54
Prenj 3.489 570 108
Ravno 2.478 435 290
Rotimlja 2.600 855 220
Stjepan Krst 582 112
Stolac 3.506 2.200 295
Trebinja 1.847 635 170
Trebinje 1.348 185 42

Totals 25.126 15.568 2.835